17 Must-Read Romance Novels for Aspiring Authors

17 Must-Read Romance Novels for Aspiring Authors Its a tale as old as time- Two lovers meet and sparks fly. They face seemingly insurmountable odds, yet find a way to be together despite them. Outside forces seek to tear them apart but they find a way to live happily ever after.From Jane Austen to modern retellings of Jane Austen, the romance genre has encountered many changes but the formula of the story- in many cases- remains the same. With this in mind, weve compiled a list of 17 must-read romance novels, both newly published in 2019 and works of the classic romance canon, for aspiring authors of the genre.Aspiring authors in the romance genre should read the classics, along with newly-published novels to see what publishers are accepting. Photo by photo-nic.co.uk nic on UnsplashNewly PublishedAmerican Dreamer by Adriana Herrera (March 26, 2019)American Dreamer tells of the unlikely romance between two men from different worlds. Nesto Vasquez is a workaholic Dominican American who decides to move Afro-Caribbean food truck from New York City to upstate New York- a move that forces him to return to a day job he hates. Jude Fuller is a quiet librarian who enjoys the safe life he has built on the shores of Cayuga Lake, but knows a loneliness that even his amazing friends cant completely cure. That, in addition to being ostracized by his family after coming out make it hard for him to let down his guard. When he tries Ithacas most-talked-about new lunch spot, he meets Nesto. Can the two find the happily ever after theyve both dreamt of, but never found before?The Overdue Life of Amy Byler by Kelly Harms (May 1, 2019)The Overdue Life of Amy Byler begins with a predictable scenario thats far too common in real life (and in chick lit). Having been abandoned by her husband, who left her for a younger woman and moved far away, the overworked, stressed out single mother of two teenagers gets a needed break from the same man who broke her heart- the chance to reinvent herself and spend some quality time alone in New York City.With shopping sprees followed by nights out on the town with friends and a few blind dates, Amy meets a man who melts her heart. However, she knows she must return to her former life in rural Pennsylvania, and to her kids who she loves dearly, leaving her newly discovered self behind in the city. Or does she?One reviewer writes:Amys journey was poignant, touching, and at times, hilarious! †¦There is a seriousness to this book, too, as Amy struggles with guilt and angst over her kids, and somehow trying to do the right thing for everyone, at the same time realizing how much she likes this new Amy that she discovers in NYC. As a certified bookworm, I loved that a lot of the book was devoted to books; the love of books, and getting kids to love books, and I loved that they used the word unputdownable to describe a book, because thats exactly what this book was- unputdownable!Susan Peterson, Amazon reviewerFor any woman who has tried to put the pieces back together after feeling the sting of lost love and abandonment, Amys story is the exact type of book that makes for an excellent escape from the ordinary- for the protagonist and reader alike.Pride, Prejudice, and Other Flavors by Sonali Dev (May 7, 2019)A theme that seems to be running through many of 2019s newly published romance novels is diversity, and Pride, Prejudice, and Other Flavors manages it beautifully. Written by award-winning author Sonali Dev, this novel begins the story of the Rajes, an immigrant Indian family- once descended from royalty, but now building their lives as Americans in San Francisco.The protagonist is Dr. Trisha Raje, an acclaimed neurosurgeon, who also happens to be the black sheep of her influential immigrant family. Shes always been taught to never trust an outsider, never do anything to jeopardize her brothers political aspirations, and to never, EVER defy her family- rules that shes broken before.Enter chef DJ Caine, a man who has known judgement from the upper c lass and whose pedigree is far from prestigious. Its a clash of cultures and classes, but something in DJs desserts make Trisha forget about those insignificant hurdles.This story is a gender-swapping, intercultural retelling that will impress any aspiring author seeking ways to retell old love stories with a modern spin. After all, if love doesnt break boundaries and pull the carpet from beneath stubborn tradition, what good is it?The Bride Test by Helen Hoang (May 7, 2019)True love knows no boundaries and Helen Hoang, USA Today bestselling author of The Kiss Quotient, knows how to tell a story to prove that point. The Bride Test is about love that crosses international borders and obstacles of disability, showing that there is always someone out there thats perfect for you, even when you see imperfections in yourself.The Bride Test is the story of Khai Diep, who feels defective because he has Autism, and avoids relationships for that exact reason. When he meets a mixed-race girl l iving in the slums of Ho Chi Minh City, he realizes that there is someone else who feels out of place in a world that seems to work against her. Her name is Esme Tran and she hopes to seduce Khai in order to move to the United States and be his bride- a challenge she isnt quite prepared for, as she learns what it means to love someone who processes emotion differently.For anyone who considers themselves to be broken and unlovable, this endearing story will reassure you of how love with the right person will make you a better version of yourself.Rebel (Women Who Dare) by Beverly Jenkins (May 28, 2019)If youre a fan of historical romance, be sure to read Beverly Jenkins new novel portrayal of the turbulent and violent atmosphere of Reconstruction-era New Orleans. Jenkins has been nominated for the NAACP Image Award in Literature and has been playing a significant role in bringing a multicultural cast of characters to a genre that hasnt always showed such diversity.Rebel is the first n ovel in the Women Who Dare series and it follows the life of a Northern woman, Valinda Lacy, living in the South in the aftermath of the Civil War. As Valinda works to help build her newly emancipated community, she becomes the target for thugs set on refusing to allow change.Enter Captain Drake LeVeq, an architect from an old New Orleans family who was raised by strong women. Their passion makes an already heated city burn hotter and begins a series sure to appeal to readers of the subgenre.Prince of Killers: A Fog City Novel by Layla Reyne (June 10, 2019)As book one in a new romantic suspense series written by Layla Reyne, Prince of Killers tells the story of Hawes Madigan, the soon-to-be king of an organization of assassins that goes by three rules: No indiscriminate killing, no collateral damage, and no unvetted targets.When the devilishly handsome, confident private investigator Dante Perry enters his life with the news that someone within his own organization is out to kill hi m, chaos ensues. Hawes falls for Dante hard and depends on him for protection, but hes also harboring a secret that could get him killed for telling. Its romantic intrigue full of sweetness and passion, against a backdrop of betrayal that you wont see coming.Fix Her Up: A Novel by Tessa Bailey (June 11, 2019)What happens when the town clown decides its time to focus on herself and her life and finally get a date? Fix Her Up happens, and itss for anyone who has ever been treated like the kid sister of far too many potential lovers.Its the story of Georgette (Georgie) Castle, whose family runs the most well-respected home renovation business in town, but shes just not interested in continuing the family tradition. Shed rather make people laugh but she knows that if shes going to ever have a decent love life, she needs to do some self-renovation of her own.Enter the towns favorite sports star and tabloid favorite, Travis Ford, an ex-major league baseball rookie who now flips houses for a living due to an injury that ended his sports career. Georgie is his best friends sister who tells him she wants to pretend to date, to shock her family, and help him land a new job. What could possibly go wrong?This romantic comedy is full of hilarity, steamy passion, and a blueprint for aspiring rom-com authors who want just the right mix of love and laughter.One reviewer writes:This book had it all - definitely the sizzling romance between Georgie and Travis, but also a sense of finding and believing in yourself, messy family dynamics and a great girls club to bond over. Thank you, Tessa Bailey for writing an amazing book and for giving me a new author to binge read.Readaholic19, Amazon reviewerThe Friend Zone by Abby Jimenez (June 11, 2019)Lauded as one of the Good Housekeeping Best New Books for Summer 2019 The Friend Zone is as hilarious as it is a tear jerker, and a story that discusses the realities of infertility with a lot of heart.Kristen Peterson will undergo a medica lly necessary procedure that will make it impossible for her to have children. When she meets Josh Copeland, the best man at her best friends wedding, she knows shes met her perfect match- a man who doesnt get offended at her sarcasm and who even her dog seems to adore. However, theres one catch. Josh wants a family- a large one in fact- and its the one thing Kristen cant give him.This debut novel from Food Network champion Abby Jimenez deftly explores the realities of infertility and takes readers on a heartfelt journey into the laughter and tears surrounding the topic. For aspiring writers who want to tackle difficult topics with a fresh, modern perspective, its a great example to follow.One reviewer writes, Abby Jimenez has mad writing chops for reducing me into an utter pile of useless feels rooting for each and every character. I loved every single moment Kristen and Josh were in the pages.The Ladys Guide to Celestial Mechanics: Feminine Pursuits (July 23, 2019)Regency romance has its own decisive place within the romance canon, but The Ladys Guide to Celestial Mechanics shows a side thats rarely observed although desperately needed in an attempt to revive a popular, yet stifled, subgenre. One Amazon reviewer writes, This was poetic and lovely, full of beautiful descriptions that knew exactly how to leave you breathless and then stop just before tipping into tedious. That it also was about two women who loved each other and strived to make a place for themselves in male-centric Regency England made it all the better.The love story follows the lives of the widowed Catherine St Day, Countess of Moth, and Lucy Muchelney, a translator looking for a fresh start after suffering through her ex-lovers sham of a wedding. In the process of translating a groundbreaking French astronomy text, written by the Countess late husband, Lucy finds a challenge in the work, as well as attempting to avoid the allure of her employer. Its a tale of star-crossed lovers that is as old as the trope itself, and sure to inspire any aspiring romance novelist who doesnt care to stay within confined boundaries.A tale of star-crossed lovers is a romance trope that still stands the test of time. Photo by Allef Vinicius on Unsplash.The ClassicsRomeo and Juliet by William ShakespeareNo true romance list would be complete without the epitome of a star-crossed love affair in William Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet.This classic tale of love is set in the middle of violence and generational conflict, as two young people fall in love despite their parents status as sworn enemies. The Montagues and the Capulets maintain a blood feud while their children, Juliet and Romeo, attempt to leave the bloodshed behind and bask in the love they have found in each other. Their plan almost works, but fate has another plan.In a time when most romance requires a feel-good ending, Romeo and Juliet remains the perfect tragic love story and should be read by anyone hoping to publish a bestsel ling romance novel. Its still the standard by which all great love stories are set and alluded to often in modern-day storytelling because of its solid place in the genre.Gone with the Wind by Margaret MitchellAs a Pulitzer Prize winner and nominated as one of Americas best-loved novels by PBSs The Great American Read, Gone with the Wind is an epic love story that follows the lives of Scarlett OHara and Rhett Butler- two of the most famous lovers ever imagined since Romeo and Juliet. With haunting scenes from the Civil War and Reconstruction era, Gone with the Wind is a timeless story of survival and family drama caught in the whirlwind of a war that would forever change them and the landscape they call home.Wuthering Heights by Emily BronteIf you like your romance on the dark side, Wuthering Heights might just be the classic for you. It is the story of the tragic love between Catherine Earnshaw and Heathcliff, an orphan adopted by Catherines father. When Heathcliff wrongly assumes that Catherine doesnt return his love, he leaves their home doesnt return until years later. By this time, Catherine has married the wealthy Edgar Linton, and Heathcliff has married Edgars sister to inherit her money.As you can imagine, the story doesnt end well. Its a story of unrequited love and the tragedy that ensues when two lovers who are destined to be together cannot do so.Pride and Prejudice by Jane AustenSet in rural England in the early 19th century, Pride and Prejudice is a classic story about the differences between marrying for love and marrying for money. While her sisters are quite content to be wed to a man with means, Elizabeth Bennet, the headstrong one, insists on marrying for love instead.Written as a novel of manners, Pride and Prejudice is among the most well-known in the regency romance subgenre, as well as one of the most-read books in the English canon, having sold over 20 million copies. Beyond its significance as a classic, it contains enough comedy, iron y, and endearing characters to keep any romance enthusiast turning pages.The Thorn Birds by Colleen McCulloughAs an epic love story that spans generations, The Thorn Birds is a passionate love story set on Drogheda, a sheep station in the Australian Outback. It tells of the tragic romance of Meggie Cleary and Father Ralph de Bricassart. a Roman Catholic priest who has known her since she was young. Following one idyllic weekend, their love is consummated and the result is enough to turn their worlds upside down.To understand this love story, one must only look at the title. It refers to the legend of a bird that sings just once in its life, more sweetly than any other, but only at the cost of great pain.Anna Karenina by Leo TolstoyIn writing this article, it becomes clear that many of the classic love stories involved tragedy and ill-fated love. Anna Karenina is one such story.It is a tale the unhappily married Anna Karenina, her refusal to accept her fate in a loveless marriage, an d her tragic and passionate affair with Count Vronsky. While much of the novel deals with the scandal they create in social circles, other themes addressed are betrayal, faith, family, marriage, Imperial Russian society, desire, and rural vs. city life. Any romance novelist seeking to explore these same themes should return to this masterpiece to understand how the book became such a worldwide classic.Doctor Zhivago by Boris PasternakFirst published in Italy in 1957, Doctor Zhivago is the story of the life of a poet/physician during the Russian Revolution. Despite the embarrassment it caused the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, it won the author the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1958.While the novel focuses on themes of loneliness and disillusionment with revolutionary ideas, as Pasternaks alter ego, the protagonists life is interrupted by the war and by his love for Lara, the wife of a revolutionary. It contains beautiful, romantic poetry and focuses on a love story that is swe pt up in political and social changes that threaten its fate. As an example of the beauty and romanticism throughout, here is part of a poem in the novel:Take your palm off of my breast,We are high-tension wires,Watch out, or by accident we may beThrown together again.Years will pass, you will get married,And forget all this disorder.To be a woman is a giant step,To drive men mad - heroic.While at the miracle of a womans arms,Shoulders, and back, and neck,Ive stood in reverence all my lifeLike a devoted servant.But howsoever night may bind meWith its anguished coil,Strongest of all is the pull away,The passion for a clean break.Excerpt from A Final TalkJane Eyre by Charlotte Brontà «Jane Eyre is a classic gothic romance set in Northern England. Jane, the protagonist, accepts a position at Thornfield manor, where she teaches a young French girl named Adà ¨le. The girls father, and Janes employer, is a dark, brooding man named Rochester, with whom Jane falls in love.However, there a re secrets at Thornfield manor that Jane could not anticipate, and when shes thrust into the middle of them, its a struggle that costs much for the love of her life. For anyone who enjoys gothic tales of family secrets and ghostly apparitions, Jane Eyre is a classic that doles out much of it.The Notebook by Nicholas SparksWhile more recently published than the other classics in romance Ive listed, The Notebook holds its own against the rest. Set in post-World War II North Carolina, it tells the story of socialite Allie Nelson and the man who lost her a decade earlier, Noah Calhoun. Although Nelson is getting ready to marry her wealthy fiancà ©, she cant forget the boy from long ago who captured her heart and wouldnt let it go.For any aspiring romance novelist who wants to weave a tale of heartbreak and finding ones true soulmate, while telling a story that spans decades and shows love that just wont quit, The Notebook is one you shouldnt miss.

Unit Guide Essay Example

Unit Guide Essay Example Unit Guide Essay Unit Guide Essay List of changes since first version was published Learning Outcomes Graduate Capabilities Discipline Specific Knowledge and Skills Critical, Analytical and Integrative Thinking Creative and Innovative Effective Communication Engaged and Ethical Local and Global citizens Capable of Professional and Personal Judgement and Initiative Problem Solving and Research Capability 4 5 6 6 6 7 7 8 8 8 Assessment Tasks Group Presentation Written Assignments Class participation 10 10 11 12 Unit Schedule Delivery and Resources Policies and Procedures Student Support Student Enquiry Service Equity Support IT Help 14 18 22 2 22 22 22 Page 2 of 22 General Information Convenor and teaching staff Unit Convenor: Shirley Chan Email: shirley. [emailprotected] edu. au Credit Points 3 Prerequisites CHN209 or permission of Executive Dean of Faculty Corequisites N/A Co-badged status N/A. Unit Description This course focuses on some central topics in the field of Chinese history. Such topics may include a parti cular historical period or event, a school of thought, particular philosophical or historiographical texts, or issues relating to the process of history making itself, that helped to shape the socio-cultural spheres of China’s existence.Students will read and analyse sources in Chinese and English relevant the specific topics. A level of Chinese approximately equal to HSC for Background Speakers is required as class discussions will be mainly in Chinese. Page 3 of 22 List of changes since first version was published Date 13/07/12 30/01/12 30/01/12 Change The Description was updated. The Description was updated. The Description was updated. Page 4 of 22 Learning Outcomes At the end of this unit students will have developed the following skills: 1. To appreciate the long and dynamic Chinese history and culture. 2.To improve understanding of the central issues of Chinese history, from historiorgraphical and archaeological sources. 3. To gain familiarity and facility with concept s, themes and theoretical perspectives on Chinese history and Chinese historiography. 4. To demonstrate capacity for analytical and critical thinking as well as appreciation of, and respect for cultural diversities 5. To engage in independent and reflective learning through assessing and responding to ideas 6. To develop an ability to work with and collaborate with others effectively and communicate findings to other fellow studentsPage 5 of 22 Graduate Capabilities This unit provides opportunities to develop in the graduate capabilities in the following ways: Discipline Specific Knowledge and Skills Our graduates will take with them the intellectual development, depth and breadth of knowledge, scholarly understanding, and specific subject content in their chosen fields to make them competent and confident in their subject or profession. They will be able to demonstrate, where relevant, professional technical competence and meet professional standards.They will be able to articulate the structure of knowledge of their discipline, be able to adapt discipline-specific knowledge to novel situations, and be able to contribute from their discipline to inter-disciplinary solutions to problems. This graduate capability is supported by: Learning Outcome Learning Outcome Learning Outcome Learning Outcome Assessment Task Assessment Task Assessment Task Class participation and attendance 2 Written Assignments (30% each) To improve understanding of the central issues of Chinese history, from historiorgraphical and archaeological sources.To gain familiarity and facility with concepts, themes and theoretical perspectives on Chinese history and Chinese historiography. To demonstrate capacity for analytical and critical thinking as well as appreciation of, and respect for cultural diversities Group Presentation To appreciate the long and dynamic Chinese history and culture. Critical, Analytical and Integrative Thinking We want our graduates to be capable of reasoning, questio ning and analysing, and to integrate and synthesise learning and knowledge from a range of sources and environments; to be able to critique Page 6 of 22 onstraints, assumptions and limitations; to be able to think independently and systemically in relation to scholarly activity, in the workplace, and in the world. We want them to have a level of scientific and information technology literacy. This graduate capability is supported by: Assessment Task Assessment Task Assessment Task Group Presentation 2 Written Assignments (30% each) Class participation and attendance Creative and Innovative Our graduates will also be capable of creative thinking and of creating knowledge.They will be imaginative and open to experience and capable of innovation at work and in the community. We want them to be engaged in applying their critical, creative thinking. This graduate capability is supported by: Assessment Task Assessment Task Assessment Task Group Presentation 2 Written Assignments (30% each ) Class participation and attendance Effective Communication We want to develop in our students the ability to communicate and convey their views in forms effective with different audiences.We want our graduates to take with them the capability to read, listen, question, gather and evaluate information resources in a variety of formats, assess, write clearly, speak effectively, and to use visual communication and communication technologies as appropriate. This graduate capability is supported by: Assessment Task Assessment Task Group Presentation 2 Written Assignments (30% each) Page 7 of 22 Assessment Task Class participation and attendance Engaged and Ethical Local and Global citizens As local citizens our graduates will be aware of indigenous perspectives and of the nations historical context.They will be engaged with the challenges of contemporary society and with knowledge and ideas. We want our graduates to have respect for diversity, to be open-minded, sensitive to others and inclusive, and to be open to other cultures and perspectives: they should have a level of cultural literacy. Our graduates should be aware of disadvantage and social justice, and be willing to participate to help create a wiser and better society. This graduate capability is supported by: Assessment Task Assessment Task Assessment Task Group Presentation 2 Written Assignments (30% each) Class participation and attendanceCapable of Professional and Personal Judgement and Initiative We want our graduates to have emotional intelligence and sound interpersonal skills and to demonstrate discernment and common sense in their professional and personal judgement. They will exercise initiative as needed. They will be capable of risk assessment, and be able to handle ambiguity and complexity, enabling them to be adaptable in diverse and changing environments. This graduate capability is supported by: Assessment Task Assessment Task Assessment Task Group Presentation 2 Written Assignments (30 % each) Class participation and attendanceProblem Solving and Research Capability Our graduates should be capable of researching; of analysing, and interpreting and assessing data and information in various forms; of drawing connections across fields of knowledge; and they should be able to relate their knowledge to complex situations at work or in the world, in order to diagnose and Page 8 of 22 solve problems. We want them to have the confidence to take the initiative in doing so, within an awareness of their own limitations. This graduate capability is supported by: Assessment Task Assessment Task Group Presentation 2 Written Assignments (30% each) Page 9 of 22Assessment Tasks Task Weight Due Date Linked Learning Outcomes Group Presentation 20% one week in Week 3-13 Written Assignments 60% Weeks 7 and 12 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 2 Written Assignments (30% each) Class participation 20% Every week in class 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8 Class participation and attendance 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Linked Graduate Capabilities 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8 Group Presentation Brief Description Group Presentation Due Date: one week in Week 3-13 Weight: 20% There will be one group (2 people) presentation. In the beginning of the semester, you will be asked to choose a tutorial topic.You are expected to lead a discussion on your chosen topic for that week. Your oral presentation is expected to be 6-7 minutes in length (no more than 4 min each person). You have to finish your presentation within the time limit or marks will be deducted. The group project should reflect the collective efforts of every member of your group. You should be prepared that the rest of the class will raise questions. You will need to prepare a 2 page report which needs to be handed in. In preparing to lead discussion, you may wish to consider the following questions: 1)What are the readings about? )What are the main points being argued? 3)What evidence is marshalled to support the author’s arg ument? 4)Do you agree/disagree with the arguments put forward in the readings? Page 10 of 22 5)What did you find most interesting about the topic or the reading? 6)How does this topic/discussion contribute to your understanding/knowledge of Chinese culture and society? Written Assignments Due Date: Weeks 7 and 12 Weight: 60% Students will submit two written assignments, one in Chinese and one in English on a chosen topic which needs to be approved by the convenor. Details will be posted in Blackboard.These assignments should be your own original work. Plagiarism is not acceptable (For further information and advice, see www. student. mq. edu. au/plagiarism). You marks will be determined by but not limited to: a) Grasp of the task and focus. Are you really answering the question(s)? Is there a well-defined framework or scope of argumentation? b) Knowledge of content and research. For example, is there a well-developed argument/critique? Does the essay re? ect a clear insightful knowl edge of the topic in a clear and critical analysis? Does the written work re? ect a substantial and skilful research e? rt? The essay may incorporate text materials linked together with your own commentary and conclusions. This will involve research activities such as locating materials, books and journal articles. c) Creativity and judgement. Does the essay show good judgement in the selection or arrangement of materials? Is there an evidence to support your argument/thesis? d) Communication and presentation. Does the work show a good job of the technical aspects of writing an essay? What will be assessed here also include such matters as grammar, punctuations, spelling, presentation of source citations, etc. ) Referencing and ethical use of materials. All cited works need to be properly acknowledged. Is referencing consistent and precise? Required and recommended resources Readings in research and translation methodologies, see also: Page 11 of 22 Writing a Research Paper An excel lent guide from Purdue University http://owl. english. purdue. edu/owl/resource/658/03/ There are many more guides available online as well as in the library. Students will only be granted extensions/special consideration with valid reasons (eg. serious and unavoidable disruption from completing any unit requirements in accordance with their ability. ) Work that is submitted late will be subjected to an assessment penalty if an extension has not been granted. Even where an extension has been given, a penalty may still be imposed if fairness to other students requires this. The general guideline is that 5% will be deducted for the first day and 2% for each day in subsequent days. Class participation Due Date: Every week in class Weight: 20% Class attendance and participation in discussion is required.Participation will be marked on attendance, willingness to participate in class discussion, preparation and performance of reading and responding to questions. Students are expected to b e well prepared in order to participate in class discussion – this will ensure good use of class time as well as improving your learning skills and sharing your knowledge with others. Class attendance and participation is expected and will be part of the assessment. This means you not only come and sign in the class but come well prepared and participate in class discussion.You need to read the assigned reading material and think about the topics and share your thought with others. Your marks for class attendance and performance will be determined by a) Whether you attend class regularly or not; Page 12 of 22 b) How much effort you have taken to prepare for the class; c) How actively you participate in class discussion; and d) How helpful your comments are on the work of our fellow students. Page 13 of 22 Unit Schedule Lecture Tutorial readings /discussions Assessment Week 1 Introduction to the unit Meet your peers and introduce yourself; choosing a presentation topicThe Stud y of Chinese History: Retrospect and Prospect Week 2 Early Chinese Historical Works Yu in Kao, pp. 7-26; or Yu Yingshi, pp. 1-20. Class participation/discussion (The Study of Chinese History: Retrospect and Prospect) Week 3 Archaeology and History Burton in Kao, pp. 35-48. Class participation/discussion (Early Chinese Historical Works) Week 4 Palaeography, Philology and History Li, pp. 47-80. Class participation/discussion (Archaeology ; History) Week Page 14 of 22 Class 5 The Various Medium of Historical Writings I Li, pp. 81-156. participation/discussion (Palaeography, Philology and History)Week 6 The Various Medium of Historical Writings II Li, pp. 157-234. Class participation/discussion (The Various Medium of Historical Writings I) Week 7 Myth, History, Cultural Values, Social Tensions Li, pp. 234-264. Class participation/discussion Assignment 1 due today (The Various Medium of Historical Writings II) Week 8 Power of Writing east-asianhistory. net/textbooks/PMChina/ch12. htm Cl ass participation/discussion (Myth, History, Cultural Values, Social Tensions) Page 15 of 22 Week 9 History and Writing the State Lewis, pp. 1-11. Class participation/discussion Power of Writing) Week 10 History and Writing the Masters Lewis, pp. 13-48. Class participation/discussion (History and Writing the State) Week 11 Writing the Past Lewis, pp. 53-98. Class participation/discussion (History and Writing the Masters) Week 12 The Political History of Writing Lewis, pp. 195-240. Class participation/discussion Assignment 2 due today (Writing the Past) Week 13 Revision Feedback/evaluation Lewis, pp. 287-307. Class participation/discussion (The Political History of Writing) Page 16 of 22 Page 17 of 22 Delivery and Resources Recommended Texts and/or MaterialsChang, K. C. The Formation of Chinese Civilization: an Archaeological Perspective. Yale University Press. 1988. Ebrey, Patricia, Buckley. Cambridge Illustrated History of China. (2 nd ed). Cambridge University Press. 2010. (Availa ble in the Co-op bookshop) Elman, Benjamin ; Kern, Martin (eds). Statecraft and Classical Learning: The Rituals of Zhou in East Asian History (Studies in the History of Chinese Texts). Brill Academic Publishing. 2009. Hsu, C. Y. Ancient China in Transition: An Analysis of Social Mobility 722-222 B. C. Stanford University Press. 1965. Kao, George.The Translation of Things Past: Chinese History and Historiography. Hong Kong: the Chinese University Press. 1982. Lewis, Mark, Edward. Writing and Authority in Early China (SUNY Series in Chinese Philosophy and Culture). State University of New York Press. 2007. Li Xueqin ; Guo Zhikun. . Shanghai: Shanghai Keji Jiaoyu. 2002. Page 18 of 22 Pine, Yuri. Envisioning Eternal Empire: Chinese Political Thought of the Warring States Era. University of Hawaii Press. 2009. Puett, Michael J. To Become a God: Cosmology, Sacrifice, and Self-Divinization in Early China (HarvardYenching Institute Monograph) Harvard University Asia Centre. 004. Schwartz, B enjamin. I. The World of Thought in Ancient China. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. 1985. Schuberg, David. A Patterned Past: Form and Thought in Early Chinese Historiography (Harvard East Asian Monographs). Harvard University Asia Centre. 2002. Wang, Aihe. Cosmology and Political Culture in Early China (Cambridge Studies in Chinese History, Literature and Institutions). Cambridge University Press. 2000. . . . 1985. Zhao Yi bookshop) , Zhao Yifeng (eds). Ancient Chinese History. Beijing: Higher Education Press. 2010. (Available in the Co-opYou will find some of the URL links containing materials on Chinese history, archaeology, art, culture extremely handy. Among these are: chinapage. com/ princeton. edu/~classbib/ Page 19 of 22 This pointer will bring up the introduction page of the Classical Chinese Historiography for Chinese History. Scroll down to get to the table of contents. The display includes full-style Chinese characters (fanti zi), but you will only be able to display them if the computer you are using is equipped with Chinese script. Otherwise they will display as gobbledy-gook, but this does not matter to the rest of the bibliography.The most useful section for this course is section 9: Select Bibliography of Chinese Classics and Literature in Translation With Recent Related Histories; Section 10: Selected English Bibliography For Chinese Civilization: A Brief Historical Survey. You can reach this by using the contents page. Unit Webpage and Technology Used and Required Students should check iLearn regularly under the unit concerned, for announcements and updated information. Library Databases Students should make good use of the library databases for scholarly articles, books and other sources of information, which is an essential part of learning and research skills. ttp://www. library. mq. edu. au/ Please note that attendance at all classes is compulsory. This applies particularly to assessments. Students will only be granted extensi ons/special consideration with valid reasons (eg. , serious and unavoidable disruption from completing any unit requirements in accordance with their ability. ) Work that is submitted late will be subjected to an assessment penalty if an extension has not been granted. Even where an extension has been given, a penalty may still be imposed if fairness to other students requires this.The general guideline is that 5% will be deducted for the first day and 2% for each day in subsequent days. Special Consideration Policy Page 20 of 22 mq. edu. au/policy/docs/special_consideration/policy. html Applying for Special Consideration Students applying for Special Consideration circumstances of three (3) consecutive days duration, within a study period, and/or prevent completion of a formal examination must submit an on-line application with the Faculty of Arts. For an application to be valid, it must include a completed Application for Special Consideration form and all supporting documentatio n.The on-line Special Consideration application is found at: arts. mq. edu. au/current_students/undergraduate/admin_central/special_consideration. Page 21 of 22 Policies and Procedures Macquarie University policies and procedures are accessible from Policy Central. You may find of particular interest those which can be found in the Learning and Teaching category. Student Support Macquarie University provides a range of Academic Student Support Services. Details of these services can be accessed at: mq. edu. au/currentstudents/. Student Enquiry ServiceDetails of these services can be accessed at student. mq. edu. au/ses/. Equity Support Students with a disability are encouraged to contact the Disability Support Unit who can provide appropriate help with any issues that arise during their studies. IT Help If you wish to receive IT help, we would be glad to assist you at http://informatics. mq. edu. au/help/. When using the universitys IT, you must adhere to the Acceptable Use Policy . The policy applies to all who connect to the MQ network including students and it outlines what can be done. Page 22 of 22

Problem Set 6 and Car Buying Assignment Research Paper

Problem Set 6 and Car Buying Assignment - Research Paper Example f $8,143= ($1221.45+$750) =$1,971.45(deductible) Stop-loss feature policy=$3,000 =$3,000-$1,971.45=$1,028.55 Sarah’s friend was not right due to the fact that the stop loss policy was expensive (Ferenc, 2011). Solution to question 5 Coverage=80% out total expenses Deductible=$500 Medical expenses=$1,100 Amount paid by the insurance=? =$1100-$500=$600 80% of 600=$480 Problem Set 7 Solution to question 1 Total assets=$225,000,000 Total liabilities=$5,000,000 Total shares=$4,400,000 Net asset value= (total assets-total liabilities)/total number of shares Net asset value= ($225,000,000-$5,000,000)/4,400,000=$50 per share Solution to question 2 A Amount invested=$10,000 Interest rate =8.5% Mortgage=$90,000 Selling price=$120,000 Purchase price=$100,000 Gross profit= ($120,000-$100,000) =$20,000 B. Net profit/loss=gross profit-interest paid for the three years Interest paid for the three years= (8.5%x 90,000x3) =$22,950 Net profit or loss=$20,000-($7,650x3) =$20,000-$22,950= -$2,950 (loss) C. Rate of return= $(-2950/20,000) x 100% =14.75% Solution to question 3 Total assets=$108,000 Total liabilities=$16,800 Net worth=total assets –total liabilities Net worth= (108,000-16,800) =$91,200 Solution to question 4 Amount accumulated=$4,000,000 Period=45 years 3 children and 5 grandchildren A. According to objective 4 Barry and Mary can gift $13,000 each to anyone of their choice. Amount gifted to the three children= ($13000 x 2 x3) =$78,000 B. For grand children= ($13,000 x2 x5) =$130,000 C. Total amount of estate remove = ($130,000+$78,000) =$208,000 Solution to question 5 A Return on investment= ($240,000-$200,000)/200,000) x 100%= 20% B. Amount invested=$20,000 Amount borrowed=$180,000(interest free) Return on investment= ($240,000-$200,000) =$40,000 ($40,000/$20,000)100=200% Car Buying Assignment The new Mercedes M class that is ML350 sport utility is one of the recent models from Mercedes Benz in the market. The car is affordable and within the budget con straint hence creating an opportunity to individual the chance of ownership after considering a number of factors such as price, registration expenses ,taxes and the maintenance costs (www.cars.com)The choice of this car majorly depends on the market price, for instance in this case, the car is priced at 65,000 dollars when all the costs have been incorporated. The amount of tax payable by the buyer is also fair because if one was to buy this car then they will pay tax at the rate of 8 percent up to 60 months, this result into a reasonable monthly payment of 838.48 dollars. In this case, it is very important to consider the element of tax before one buys a particular car so as to enable the preparation of an appropriate budget which enables one conform to the right budget without straining financially (Paul and Champion, 2005). In addition, the costs such as fixing costs and registration will vary depending on the model of the vehicle that one wants to purchase. Therefore, factors o f price, tax, registration costs and fixing costs should be given a priority especially before an individual

Performance Measurement for Public School Teachers Case Study

Performance Measurement for Public School Teachers - Case Study Example According to the paper the purposes may be categorized into three categories as discussed below. The strategic purpose which is concerned with aligning employees performance with the organizational core values, goals and strategies, administrative purpose which clarifies employees roles and expectations, providing basis for human resource decisions and improving communication and developmental purpose which is concerned with developing full employee capabilities and enhancing individual employees development. The case also outlines the strategic purpose of performance management system. The main objective of school’s performance management is to enable schools achieve their core mandate; prepare pupils to become better citizens and employees and rational consumers. From these expectations, it is imperative to have talented and motivated teachers with the required behavior and resources. There is an understanding that there are numerous factors at play that may influence perfor mance management. For this reason, objective performance measurement techniques such as the students’ performance on standardized test in all subject areas, evaluation by supervisors and studying the teachers practical skills have been developed. These techniques are driven by the desired result of the learning process. Administrative purpose of performance management system has been shown in the case by going further to understand into detail the factors that may influence the teachers performance outcome such as; students behavioral problems, learning disabilities, poor preparation. This understanding led to the development of better ways of teaching and measuring performance such as the use of comprehensive testing to enhance administration of teachers duty. Lastly, the developmental purpose of performance management system seeks to understand and facilitate how teachers render their services.

Semillas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Semillas - Essay Example and helps them to make changes for the betterment of their families, communities and society in a big way. Semillas was founded by Lucero Gonzalez, who understood the significance of uniting women of all economic and educational backgrounds, concerned in humanity. It was formed over the past 15 years, by a group of few women lawyers and international human rights law experts who came together to change and prove that the enlightening disgrace that love for humankind and charity are one and the same. Semillas receives its funds from the international cooperation, institutions and individual donors and from the Mexican society and the corporation. It not only provides financial resources to the women's organizations, but also gives institutional strengthening support through its wide experience in the field with the help of experts. This organization also strengthens Mexican women's rights, helps in constructing a fair society, promotes a society of equality between men and women and improves the condition of life for future generations. These resources are then awarded as grants to organizations that work in four primary areas such as Humans Rights, Women and Work, Sexual and Reproductive Rights and Gender Violence. Semillas not only provide economic resources, but also provides follow up for women groups that make stronger their leadership and organizing capabilities for monitoring and evaluating their projects and for resource development. For over four decades there has been violence in the Mexican countries. Due to the civil conflict between both the both left-wing guerilla groups and right-wing Para-military forces, fuelled by politics has made this place hell. Not only this but drug-related crime and government-sponsored violence, this internal war has killed thousands and made millions of people homeless. People who stand up for their rights and justice are killed. Women activists have been raped, mutilated, disfigured and murdered. They are driven out from their communities to stop their heroic efforts to build community and demand justice. Semillas offers a simple and productive way to be active participants in Mexico's social change process through its Network of Women Investing in Women and Men in Solidarity (WIW Network). This Network is composed of 560 women and men who seek to support women's cause through their investment donations. This organization observes the significant advantage in encouraging women and girls to widen and use their talents and gifts. The group has brought to justice the cases of women forcibly displaced and of those who have suffered political violence, including sexual violence. There are various groups such as Observatory on Gender, Democracy and Human Rights (Observatorio, Genero, Democracia y

Explication Of Jacques Derridas Signature Event Context English Language Essay

Explication Of Jacques Derridas Signature Event Context English Language Essay Derridas essay Signature Event Context was first delivered in the form of a spoken conference paper in Montreal in 1971 on the theme of Communication, and published initially as an essay as part of the conference Proceedings. The context of Derridas essay is relevant in relation to the theme of the paper itself. In its initial form, a spoken essay preformed or produced in the French language, the essay (now in its written English form), discusses the importance and differences of context in both the written language and in speech.  [1]   The essay was then published in 1988 in Graffs collection Limited Inc., which highlighted the differences between Anglo-American and European-Continental towards the theoretical debate on literary analysis.  [2]  The historical context of the essay is relevant to the themes of original meaning and context which are discussed within the essay. Derrida discusses the distinction between the nature of truth and language, and he presents arguments on the privileging of spoken words, which is deemed as being closer to the speaker and thereby the intended meaning; whereas written words are given a secondary status and the meaning is derived by the understanding of the listener. Derrida examines the meaning of context, and then the significance of context in relation to other factors surrounding a text, such as events, discourses and signature. He argues that these issues all factor into the meaning of the text as it is produced by the writer or speaker, and then understood by the listener or reader. Derrida begins the essay in a discussion on the nature and definition of Communication, when Derrida states: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦one must first of all ask oneself whether or not the word or signifier communication communicates a determinate content, an identifiable meaning, or a describable value. (Derrida 1). The word or signifier communication occurs twice, in the marked form communication, and again as the verb form communicates. For the reader the use of the word in this way signifies a question which must be explored in the text of the essay. For Derrida this is a rhetorical question. As readers and as a writer approaching the text, if the word communication had a definite or indisputable meaning, there would be no need for a discussion or essay on the subject. This is typical of Derridas stylistic approach in the rhetorical questioning which occurs throughout the text of the essay. The essay is then structured into three sections discussing the factors mentioned in the title Signature Event Context, and Derrida uses examples from other theorists in order to present his arguments for each element. In the first section on Writing and Communication Derrida looks at the arguments of Condillacs essay  [3]  because it : à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦contains an explicit reflection on the origin and function of the written textà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦which organizes itself here within a philosophical discourse that, in this case and throughout philosophy, presupposes the simplicity of the origin, the continuity of all derivation, of all production, of all analysis, and the homogeneity of all dimensions [orders]. (Derrida 4) In using Condillac Derrida is presenting the philosophical ideas on theories of writing from a classical theoretical perspective, whereby writing is taken as presenting the original ideas of the writer and all contributing factors to the writing such as origin, production, derivation and analysis and essentially equal in nature and quality. There is thus no hierarchical system to the elements which form writing, and all contributing factors producing a text, are equal in their importance and relevance to the formation and understanding of the text. Derrida suggests that Condillacs ideas on writing mean that: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the birth and progress of writing will follow in a line that is direct, simple, and continuousà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦writing will never have the slightest effect on either the structure or the contents of the meaning (the ideas) that it is supposed to transmit [vehicular]. (Derrida 4) Here Derrida presents Condillacs analysis, whereby if writing is taken as a higher medium of communication than spoken language, the origin and progression of the writing remains an absolute which is uncomplicated and incorruptible; this therefore means that the written form is also constant in its meaning, and for the understanding of the reader. Derrida takes issue with the notion of an absolute meaning of the written later in his essay, and instead suggests that the only absolute in writing is the idea of absence. For Condillac, all writing denotes an absence. There is firstly the: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦absence of the addressee. One writes in order to communicate something to those who are absent. The absence of the receiver [destinateur], from the mark that he abandons, and which cuts itself off from him and continues to produce effects independently of his presence and of the present actuality of his intentions [vouloir-dire]à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Derrida 5) The act of writing denotes an absence of the writer (absent at the time of reading), and the absence of the reader (absent at the time of the writing), which means that the writing exists independently of both reader and writer and is yet paradoxically linked to a presence. The writer is present in the writing at the time of reading because his/her intentions are made in the words that are written; the reader is present at the time of writing because the writer is intending to communicate an idea in his/her writing through the act of writing. The act of writing therefore implies the absence of both reader and writer. The writing is an independent entity which stands on its own merits after it is abandoned by the writer, yet still causes an effect on the reader; this effect is also autonomous from the actual intentions of the writer, as the understanding and interpretation depend on the reader. This brings Derrida to the second absolute in writing, which is the absence of a definitive meaning. As Derrida states: Representation regularly supplants [supplà ©e] presenceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦as a continuous and homogenous reparation and modification of presence in the representation. (Derrida 5) The presence of the writer is therefore denoted in the manner in which the text is received by the reader, whose understanding and interpretation of the text are founded not in the ideas which the writer is trying to communicate, but rather in a more practical system of understanding signs. The systematic rules of writing are based on the understanding of the written word; this is founded in language systems, which according to Derrida are only understandable because of their familiarity. Although signs give a representation of the idea which itself represented the object perceived (Derrida 6), it is only the familiarity which makes them understandable. Derrida states: My communication must be repeatable iterable in the absolute absence of the receiverà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦writing that is not structurally readable iterable beyond the death of the addressee would not be writing. (Derrida 7) The signs (words) must therefore be repeatable and repeated in different circumstances in order to be perceived and understand as to what they are signifying; and more importantly for Derrida what they are denoting or connoting. If the purpose of writing is to convey or communicate the writers ideas, the nature of language and words are a representation of something which is repeatable, no matter who the reader (or writer). Whereby writing is initially a means of communication, the actual physical marks and the meaning must have iterability, citability or citationality. All writing can be copied, or must be copyable in order to be classified as writing; therefore it must be open to both iteration and reiteration. For Derrida signs or writing, are essentially infinite in their iterability, in any capacity whether epistemic, grammatical or semiological; thus lies the distinction between written and oral communication (Derrida 9). Derrida also states that in the classical concept of writing, writing simultaneously carries with it a force that breaks with its context (Derrida 9). Derrida goes on to present an analysis of spoken language/signs from Husserl.  [4]  Again the iterability of spoken language is essential to the understanding of what is signified, denoted and understood by the listener, because language operates within a à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦system of rules of universal grammar, not from a linguistic point of view but from a logical and epistemological one. (Derrida 12). This means one must be able to make certain other cultural, social and epistemological references which are understood, and thereby enable an understanding of words or spoken language. Derrida once again opens up his discussion of writing into a wider analysis of language, communication and cultural relevance. For Derrida the significance lies in that understanding is thereby taken à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦in a context determined by a will to know (Derrida 12). The understanding of language and words, whether spoken or written lie in the wider context in which they are read or heard, rather a specific literal context of semantic meaning. This leads to the second section of the essay where Derrida discusses the notion of truth in language, through an examination of the event. Derridas analysis centres on criticism of Austins  [5]  ideas of communication in speech: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦speech acts only as acts of communicationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.Communicating a force through the impetus [impulsion] of a mark à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦the performative does not have its referent à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦outside of itself or any event, before and in front of itself. (Derrida 13) Derrida suggests here that John Austins ordinary language philosophy is in fact determined and restrictive, working only within a framework of definitively absolute unordinary exclusion; as Austin suggests that the performative nature of language takes precedent in communication. Austin analyses all utterances as performative, yet excludes performative speech acts which are quoted, which Derrida finds essentially problematic. This approach is limiting and restrictive, by focussing primarily on analysing the perlocution and illocution, Austin is forced to: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦free the analysis of the performative from the authority of the truth value, from the true/false opposition (Derrida 13). If language or words take on a performative dimension, this means that the utterances of the words will be placed within a situation (or context) which is independent of either the true essential meaning, or any false interpretation, of the intended meaning. The problem for Derrida is that the meaning of the words are essentially subordinated to the actual utterance or event of the speech, and/or the context within which they are uttered; which in turn produces an event in the meaning as it is understood by the listener. Derridas criticism of Austin also raises questions as to the totalising element of context whereby there is emphasis on the: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦conscious presence of the intention of the speaking subject in the totality of his speech act (Derrida 14) In the event of the speech act the presence of the speaker places an importance and foregrounding to the intention of the speaker; if the intention of the speaker is prominent in the speech act, then it must follow that the understanding of the receiver/listener becomes secondary. This leads to the inevitability that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦performative communication becomes once more the communication of an intentional meaningà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Derrida 14) This poses a wider philosophical problem for Derrida in the context of literary or language discourse, as Austin also discusses the criterion of what actually constitutes a successful or failed speech act with elements of correctness and completeness (Derrida 15). This again is restrictive and finite, and goes against Derridas general philosophical openness and approach to literary theory. For Derrida there is an inherent possibility in the success of the event which lays in the possibilities of for example the infelicities in the event, and may not in fact be distinguishable from a successful event. For Derrida the failure of the event, whether deliberate or accidental, serves a greater purpose. Derrida suggests that the presence or potential of failure is what in fact constitutes the event as an ideal. The scope for error and the negative impact on the event, whilst it may destroy the idealistic approach to the event, in fact serves the paradoxical purpose of making the event ideal; by in its very nature in introducing an element of danger to the event. A perfect or ideal event would therefore have an element of danger, which is avoided. Although Austin cites theatrical events, recitations of poetry or literature as examples of felicitous speech events, as Derrida points out there is still scope for mistakes or errors in the utterances. Derrida ends the section on Event by taking an opposing view to Austin, in the similar vein to his opposition to Condillacs views and refers to the itability of the sign in general. Derrida states that speech utterances, or events have an itability. Austins view of the relative purity of performatives (Derrida 18) must be taken not: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦in opposition to citationality or iterability, but in opposition to other kinds of iteration within a general iterability which constitutes a violation of the allegedly rigorous purity of every event of discourse or every speech act. (Derrida 18) Derridas view on the event of the speech act is that there is a background to the iterability or possible repetition of an utterance, which means that each utterance or speech act must be taken in the context in which it is said. This has an inevitable effect on the operation or understanding of the words which are spoken and what they signify. Contrary to Austins view that emphasise understanding of the thing and the notion (Derrida 18), Derrida stresses that we must also consider that the: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦motivations, indestructible necessity and systematic effects would be subject to analysisà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Derrida 18) Here the importance of context is fore grounded in relation to the event and is subject to the same metaphysical origins (Derrida 18) which Austin appropriates to the event. Derrida concludes by suggesting that in order to understand context, the conscious intentions of the speaker (and receiver) must be definite. However consciousness is not a definite and is open to discussion and discourse. Therefore although utterances may be specific, the specificity is not exclusive to having an opposite or contrary effect on the listener and thus the event is open to further metaphysical debate. In the final section of the essay Derrida focuses on Signature' as an indicator and measure of the presence of the writer or author. The signature denotes the writer as the source of the text, or the speaker of an utterance, and they hold the form of regulation for the sign or words which are spoken or written. Derrida illustrates that the possibility and inevitability of repetition and iterability is essential to the signature; as with earlier discussions on the nature of signs and language. By its very nature the signature is iterable, as it must be, and is always repeated in order to be recognisable as a signature specific to the author. As Derrida points out although a signature is singular to the author, yet again paradoxically, there is an inevitable plurality to its production; in that it is repeated time and again as a sign of the presence of the writer. Derrida refers back to earlier arguments stating that: By definition, a written signature implies the actual or empirical nonpresence of the signer. (Derrida 20) The signature thereby signifies the absence of the writer, while at the same time denoting the presence of the signer in the past, and can be taken as a substitute for their physical presence; it also implies the presence of the reader in the future or present. Derrida also rather playfully adds his own signature to the end of the essay, as a performative example of an event. As readers we are made aware that Derrida must have at some point made the signature to the paper, however the printed copy of the signature in front of us is not the original or authentic mark/sign made by Derrida, it is an repeated printed copy of the same. This act highlights key elements of Derridas arguments from the essay, as to the nature of iterability, repetition, absence and context. The communication of Derridas ideas in the preceding essay are somehow signified as more genuine, or sincere because he has placed his signature at the end of the essay and placed a mark/sign of authenticity to the essay. Derridas conclusions to the essay tie in with this idea, in that while language can be philosophised in an ordinary manner, as a means of communicating semantics, there is always an underlying and infinite possibility to other factors such as presence, knowledge , representation, and truth. For Derrida the practice of communication and the spoken word or writing must be inclusive of these elements in order for a text to be understood or communicated in its entirety. Derridas stylistic presence is evident in the title and structure of the essay, in the use of questions, often at times rhetorical, and the proposition of paradoxes. The essay is actually structured in the reverse order of the title Signature Event Context: Context is discussed first in presentation of Condillacs ideas, followed by Austins arguments on the Event, and the essay ends with Derridas thoughts on Signature.  [6]  This playing with the order of the elements which Derrida is discussing is somewhat typical of Derridas stylistic and consciously playful approach to writing. At times the language and style is analogous to the spoken word or a speech; which again is self-referential to the form of the text, as it was initially a spoken text/utterance. The form and structure of the essay reiterates the ideas and arguments that Derrida presents. The essay is structured in a fairly accessible yet formal manner whereby Derrida at times breaks arguments or ideas down into listed or numbered sections. Although the complexity of the ideas and concepts presented are perhaps more complicated than the stylistic form of the written language. Derrida repeats certain points and arguments, by presenting his theories in a manner which reiterates the essence of his arguments, and by repeating the same central arguments in a slightly altered form. He uses repetition of the arguments to make the ideas that he is presenting familiar and understandable to the reader, and this is his general approach to the function and understanding of language, signs and words the more familiar we become with words, the easier they are to understand in their true meaning. The meaning lies in the repetition and iterability not only of the words, but also in the concepts and ideas which lie beneath the semantics of the sentences and content of the essay. Derridas arguments are therefore communicated to us as readers when we read and understand the text in the context of the structure of the essay, and experience the text as part of a wider cultural discourse.

Alzheimer’s Disease Essay -- Alzheimers Disease Essays

Alzheimer’s Association (2010) explains that Alzheimer’s disease is a brain’s disease which affects the way people think, remember and behave. Finally, people living with Alzheimer’s do not know themselves; do not able to perform everyday activities, which means that they always have to be under control. All of these are caused by improper function of the brain. This disease leads to the death. Nowadays, the 7th cause of death in United States of America is Alzheimer’s disease. There is no method of curing yet, but it was proved that life of people living with the disease and caregivers can become better if good care and aid are provided during the whole period of the illness (Alzheimer’s Association, 2010). It is obvious that Alzheimer’s disease has financial and psychological impact on individuals, caregivers and society. Nowadays 35.6 million people are sentenced that they have this disease. It is predicted that this number will increase to 65.7 million by 2030 and to 115.4 million by 2050 (Anders Wimo and Martin Prince, 2010, 4). There are direct and indirect costs which are spent on people with such kind of disease. The first one includes expenditures in social services such as treating at hospital. In other words, it requires a lot of money. According to Alzheimer’s Association (2008) the Medicare such as hospital services and the care of medical man to person with dementia is three times more than the money which is spent on someone without it. Indirect cost involves unpaid service of caregivers; many active days that the sufferer has lost, physical and psychological challenges with which a person living with Alzheimer’s disease and his family have to struggle (Fox and Max 2009,... ...rtant point to consider is providing support for caregivers. More attention must be paid in order to assist them in coping with problems which occur over time. Overall, it is obvious that Alzheimer’s disease is a problem that requires much attention from government and investors. One of the problems is supporting caregivers. In my opinion, in order to find solutions more researches have to be undertaken, also it is important to keep in mind that each of them is unique; their challenges are not the same and problems vary during the illness. Another major problem is increasing amount of money which is spent on dementia. It is mostly caused by increasing number of people with Alzheimer’s. Solutions for this problem are complicated. However, I think more research in pharmacology will obviously assists to find them, so huge amount of money can be saved.

Ethics During Change Essay

As society has seen over the last few decades, ethics had not been at the forefront of organizational decision-making and change processes as it should have been. Unfortunately because of the actions or lack of actions by the few, many lives have been devastated and society’s view of corporate organizations has been severely damaged. Between government interventions, and organizational realizations, ethics seem to have become a focal point during the decision making and change processes. Most organizations realize that changes must occur to maintain, sustain, and grow, and the inclusion of ethical considerations is imperative to sound decisions and implementation. Organizations must make a commitment to themselves and society, to uphold a high level of ethical standards and behaviors, to ensure the view of the organization remains positive. Simply stated, ethics are beliefs individuals and organizations have that determine what standards or behaviors are deemed to be appropria te or inappropriate. According to Sonenshein (2009), there is a theory about the emergence of ethical issues during the change process (Sonenshein, 2009, p. 230). Sonenshein (2009) explains that the starting issues found in change are, â€Å"trigger points, ambiguity, and employee welfare frame† (Sonenshein, 2009, p. 230). Sonenshein (2009) further explains that the starting issues found during the implementation of change, refer to an individual’s sense-making about the organizational change (Sonenshein, 2009). Sense-making, according to Palmer, Dunford, and Akin (2006) â€Å"is a significant part of importance to understanding the change† (Palmer, Dunford & Akin, 2006, p. 190). When one does not have a clear understanding of the changes occurring, and the effect or consequences the change will have on him or her and the position held within the organization, emotions tend to become involved. One emotion described by Sonenshein (2009) is that an individual may perceive during the ch ange process, is â€Å"loss,† which he explains may also lead to an individual believing that he or she has been treated unfairly (Sonenshein, 2009, p.  231). To further add to ethical change issues, if the directives created for the change are not clear and concise, the interpretation of what is to occur can have multiple meanings and cause confusion. Ambiguity occurs when, â€Å"an organization has a vision but is not prescriptively clear on how to achieve it† (Palmer, Dunford, & Akin, 2006, p. 268). Palmer, Dunford, and Akin (2006) explain the importance of communication during change implementation as well as factors that help to create a sense of confusion. The three factors mentioned are, â€Å"message overload, message distortion, and message ambiguity† (Palmer, Dunford, & Akin, 2006, p. 268). The purpose of communication is to ensure each individual understands the changes to occur, the reasons for the change, and the effects expected from the change. The individual must have the ability to make sense of the change, understand the social impacts of the change, to ensure he or she is willing to â€Å"buy-in† to the change. The â€Å"employee welfare frame† is explained as a thought process some employees choose to use to determine the impact the organization’s change will have on him or her, and any inherent rights that may be infringed upon because of the change (Sonenshein, 2009). As explained by Sonenshein (2009), â€Å"poorly managed change efforts erode organizations relational health† (Sonenshein, 2009, p. 233). For an organization to achieve a successful change, the stakeholders must see the benefits associated with the change. The stakeholders must also have a clear view of the organizations vision and mission to accept and commit. Some organizations may take short-cuts in efforts to speed-up the change process; others may conceal information from employees and external entities that may be vital to gaining acceptance and commitment, thus damaging how the organization is viewed by stakeholders. Ethics in business must remain at the forefront of any decisions or changes during discussions or implementations. As seen, ethics in business is not confined to simply financial reporting; ethics encompasses every facet of organizational health and growth. References Palmer, I., Dunford, R., & Akin, G. (2006). Managing Organizational Change: A Multiple Perspectives Approach, 1e. Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database. Sonenshein, S. (2009, Jan/Feb). Emergence of Ethical Issues during Strategic Change Implementation. Organization Science, 20(1), 223-239. Retrieved August 23, 2013 from http://sonenshein.rice.edu/uploadedFiles/Publications/Sonenshein_emergence%20of%20ethical%20issues%20during %20strategic%20change%20Org%20Science.pdf

Free Essays on Corporate Culture

Corporate Culture Edgar H. Schein:The Corporate Culture Survival Guide In â€Å"The Corporate Culture Survival Guide, â€Å" Edgar Echein presents a concise analysis of the concept of corporate culture; what it is; how it operates; why it matters; and how to improve it. The book is organized around the questions that mangers ask – What is corporate culture? How can I assess it? How can I change it? The book then provides clear guidance for evaluating an organization’s current culture and determining if it supports or undermines the organization’s goals. Chapter One answers the question, â€Å"Why Does Corporate Culture Matter?†. â€Å"Culture matters because decisions made without awareness of the operative cultural forces may have unanticipated and undesirable consequences.† The author provides examples of situations where a company has an engineering culture and then brings in a CEO from sales and marketing background. This mismatch of cultures created a situation where the new CEO was unable to be effective because he was unable to understand the culture’s impact on the organization. A successful mid-life organization might not continue to prosper if they do not evolve and adapt elements of their culture. The organization clings to whatever made it a success. I have a client that was very successful in the eighties and early nineties by being self contained and developing investment products that were unique. They continue to believe that unique products are the way to success even though the market is looking for products that have easily processed and comparable features. This company is reluctant to look outside for expertise in a very competitive market and the firm has seen their market share drop, as their products do not fit easily into today’s trading parameters. The author goes on to define culture and make it clear that culture is a complex concept that is deeply embedded in an organiz... Free Essays on Corporate Culture Free Essays on Corporate Culture Corporate Culture Edgar H. Schein:The Corporate Culture Survival Guide In â€Å"The Corporate Culture Survival Guide, â€Å" Edgar Echein presents a concise analysis of the concept of corporate culture; what it is; how it operates; why it matters; and how to improve it. The book is organized around the questions that mangers ask – What is corporate culture? How can I assess it? How can I change it? The book then provides clear guidance for evaluating an organization’s current culture and determining if it supports or undermines the organization’s goals. Chapter One answers the question, â€Å"Why Does Corporate Culture Matter?†. â€Å"Culture matters because decisions made without awareness of the operative cultural forces may have unanticipated and undesirable consequences.† The author provides examples of situations where a company has an engineering culture and then brings in a CEO from sales and marketing background. This mismatch of cultures created a situation where the new CEO was unable to be effective because he was unable to understand the culture’s impact on the organization. A successful mid-life organization might not continue to prosper if they do not evolve and adapt elements of their culture. The organization clings to whatever made it a success. I have a client that was very successful in the eighties and early nineties by being self contained and developing investment products that were unique. They continue to believe that unique products are the way to success even though the market is looking for products that have easily processed and comparable features. This company is reluctant to look outside for expertise in a very competitive market and the firm has seen their market share drop, as their products do not fit easily into today’s trading parameters. The author goes on to define culture and make it clear that culture is a complex concept that is deeply embedded in an organiz... Free Essays on Corporate Culture Article ~ New York Times ~ â€Å"Speaking the Language of Success† In 1999, the Nissan Motor Company, controlled by French automaker Renault, hired Carlos Ghosn as President and Chief Operating Officer. Ghosen is â€Å"Brazilian-born, French-educated and American-experienced†. This article chronicles Ghosn’s efforts to save Nissan from bankruptcy, and the response of Nissan’s Board of Directors, Workers, and the Japanese public to a foreign manager with a different management style. Carlos Ghosn joined Nissan when the company was at the brink of bankruptcy and was able to, â€Å"boost profits, and decrease debt in a very quick fashion†. The methods and approach used to accomplish this financial revival have included:  § Changing Japanese attitudes about foreign managers and corporate culture  § Cutting Costs and Jobs by closing plants, making it necessary for employees to accept transfers to stay with the company  § Changing supplier relationships, eliminating â€Å"unwinding the traditional keiretsu system of interdependency with suppliers† who could not meet quality and cost cutting demands  § Management overhauling, replacing senior managers with younger types  § Linking pay to performance – â€Å"replacing seniority with a merit based system of cash bonuses and stock options† Hofstede’s value dimensions say, â€Å"the core of the Japanese enterprise is the permanent worker group†, they show a small power distance, a high acceptance to strong uncertainty avoidance, an acceptance of collectivism, and high goal orientation. The article confirms Hofstede value dimensions by identifying Japan as a, â€Å"land of lifetime employment and resistance to foreign control†. The results of Ghosn’s tenure at Nissan seem to contradict Hofstede. Ghosn is a foreigner, has top level meetings in English, has rewarded success through a merit system, reduced the number of parts and service suppliers based on quality, cut the workfo...

Comparative Analysis, Haroun and the sea of stories and Inanna Essays

Comparative Analysis, Haroun and the sea of stories and Inanna Essays Comparative Analysis, Haroun and the sea of stories and Inanna Paper Comparative Analysis, Haroun and the sea of stories and Inanna Paper Essay Topic: Back in the World Stories Literature I will be comparing and contrasting The decent of Inanna which is part of the cycle of many other stories in this book which date back to around 5000 years. Wolkstein and Kramer take us back to these years when humans found different ways to communicate before language was introduced; through sound, like the repetition in Inanna which brings a musical beat into mind, body gestures, like the shadow warrior Mudra, and pictures, like the cuneiforms shown in Inanna. This book was interpreted by a folklorist who collected and recorded the tales, legends and songs of modern contemporary societies and a cuneiformist who has restored and translated the written tales, legends and songs from the Sumerians times. On the surface, Haroun and the Sea of Stories appears to be a simplistic, light-hearted novel that reads almost like a childrens tale. Beneath the surface, however, something much more profound is stirring, which brings us on an adventure where stories have been passed on and interpreted to create a mythical allusion of a sea of stories as Salman Rashdie wrote. This allusion is shown on page 72. He looked into the water and saw that it was made up of a thousand thousand thousand and one different currents, each one a different colour, weaving in and out of one another like liquid tapestry of breath taking complexity; and Iff explained that these were the streams of story, that each colored strand represented and contained a single tale. Different parts of the Ocean contained different sorts of stories, and as all the stories that had ever been told and many that were still in the process of being invented could be found here, the Ocean of the Streams of Story was in fact the biggest library in the universe. And because the stories were held here in fluid form, they retained the ability to change, to become a new version of themselves, to join up with the other stories and so become yet other stories. Both passages, the decent of Inanna and the dark ship play an important part in Inannas and Harouns character development. Inanna wants to open her wisdom to the great below, since this is the place where Inanna can obtain the knowledge of death and rebirth, life and status that will make her honorable and a guide to the land. From the great above she opened her ear to the great below. Her ear refers to wisdom since it is coiled like a labyrinth which takes in sound and begins to transform the imperceptible into meaning shown on page 52. Haroun also has to descend to the South Pole to fight the antagonist Khattan-Shud (who personifies censorship) to save his father and everyone else from having story droughts. This can be compared to Inannas decent since they have the same environment on their journeys both having dry, dark and cold atmospheres. The waters of the ocean were growing thicker by the mile, thicker and colder; many of the streams of story were full of a dark slow moving substance that looked like molasses. In both stories there is a motif of light and dark which are always being brought into perspective, usually through the characters or places. They often complement each other to form a whole, like the ying-yang symbol. For example, Inanna who is Queen of Heaven and earth does not have knowledge about the underworld; she therefore descends to come in contact with the unconscious, rejected dark side of herself who can be considered a witch since she has been unloved, abandoned, forced to rule the underworld which causes her to be very lonely, angry and greedy. Ereshkigal then takes all of Inannas accomplishments to show her what it is like to have nothing. When she entered the seventh gate, from her body the royal robe was removed. Inanna asked: what is this? She was told: quiet, Inanna, the ways of the underworld are perfect. They may not be questioned. Naked and bowed low, Inanna entered the throne room. (60) Ereshkigal, the darker side of Inanna can be compared to Harouns shadow, which can represent the loss of his mother. Once Haroun makes the connection that Mr. Sengupta has taken the form of the antagonist Khattan-Shud it creates a foreshadowing of a realisation that implies not merely that stories mirror reality but expose truth and shape of opinion. This gives Haroun the strength to fight the Cultmaster due to the fact that Mr. Sengupta was the reason his mother left. I know you, Haroun shouted. Youre him. Youre Mr. Sengupta and you stole my mother and you left the fat lady behind and youre a sniveling, driveling, mangy, stingy, measly, weaselly clerk. Where are you hiding her? Maybe shes a prisoner on this ship! Come on hand her over. ( 155) The Cultmaster personifies censorship and evil and it is inherited in his characters tone (monotone) which is ironic since his name, Khattan-Shud means end giving an impression that stories are ending and starting all the time during this book. He has good reason to try and put an end to stories which is thats stories have too much power, they can create many disasters and cause disruption due to the fact that one person could have mingled with a story instead of sticking to the facts. The Cultmaster came over and peered into Harouns face. What brought you up here eh? He asked in his dull dull voice. Stories I suppose. He said the word stories as if it were the rudest, most contemptible word in the language. What starts with stories ends with spying, and thats a serious charge, boy, no charge more serious. Youd have done better to keep your feet on the ground but you had your head in the air. Youd have done better to stick to facts, but you were stuffed with stories. Youd have done better to have stayed home, but up you came. Stories make trouble. An Ocean of stories is and Ocean of trouble. (155) Time is important in both stories, half of the year Inanna and Dumuzi will be united, trees will blossom but as the seasons change, Dumuzi will enter a period of inactivity, quietude and meditation due to the times of harvest. You will go to the underworld half the year, your sister, since she has asked will go the other half. On the day you are called, that day you will be taken. On that day Geshtianna is called, that day you will be set free. (87) In Haroun and the sea of stories, seasons differentiate between the guppies which symbolize spring since it is always dry, hot and sunny in their land and the chupwalas symbolize winter due to the rain and darkness. Also the cycle of life is shown since the story starts and ends almost the same way as if none of it had ever happened as if it were a dream. In the north of the sad city stood mighty factories in which (so Im told) sadness was actually manufactured, packaged and sent all over the world, which never seemed to get enough of it. Black smoke poured out of the chimneys of sadness factories and hung over the city like bad news. (15) At the end of the novel, as the citizens of the city Kahani rejoice over their newfound name, water pours from the sky, suggesting the lasting happiness that language can bring. Showing the memory of the name Kahani, which happens to mean story, as the one thing that can make a sad city happy, Rushdie implies the vast importance of freedom of speech and words. Looks like the old city finally learnt how to have fun, Rashid grinned. But why? Haroun asked. Nothings really changed, has it? Look, the sadness factories are still in production, you can see the smoke; and almost everybody is still poor has something happened while weve been away? A miracle for example? Its just the rain, replied the old bird. Its making everybody happy. (208) Marginalization is seen in both books, the norm in Inanna is the male, for example Enki and Ereshkigal compliment each other. Enki is conscious, has the power of life and light whereas Ereshkigal is unconscious, has the power of death and darkness. The human race obviously is more comfortable in the daytime then at night due to the fact that we are not nocturnal, we cannot see very well in the dark which brings a sense of insecurity. The male has been the norm in our society since the beginning of human life. The man is seen as the one with reason, authority and strength whereas the woman is seen as the one with emotion, mercy and weakness which makes her inferior. In Haroun and the sea of stories, story tellers and speech are the norm and silence, shadows and repression are the other. Once Rashid has his story telling drought, there is a power shift and silence, shadows and repression become the norm. The shadows still have a life of their own; however it is no longer regarded as the bad side of a person. This transition can even be seen in Harouns thoughts in which gruesome combat turns into something as beautiful as a dance. And as they fought each other, standing toe to toe, Haroun began to think of their combat as a dance of great beauty and grace, a dance danced in perfect silence because the music was playing inside the dancers heads (124). Haroun explains this a little further, he dance of the Shadow Warrior showed him that silence had its own grace and beauty (just as speech could be graceless and ugly); and that Action could be as noble as Words; and that creatures of darkness could be as lovely as the children of the light (125). Haroun connects two opposite things, such as Action and Words and connect them with could be, indicating that he generally does not associate these actions with being noble. Haroun is only able to make these connections due to the shadow warrior, just a couple of pages before, shadows were seen as doom, however this idea subverts itself and turns the idea into grace and beauty. In conclusion, both stories have many similarities however they are portrayed in different ways to express different meanings. Inannas stories were some of the first stories ever told over 5 000 years ago, however since then many stories have been introduced and mixed together. Representing stories by an ocean is no mistake on Rushdies part, since water is essential for life, and oceans flow and mix together in much the same way that stories do.

Saudi Arabia unemployment citizens Research Paper

Saudi Arabia unemployment citizens - Research Paper Example The financial sector in the country is highly developed because the banks in the region do not pay taxes. The region is infertile and water resources are scarce. Thus, agronomy accounts for a small fraction of the economy, and the country is forced to import about half of its agricultural products. However, the major challenge that Saudi Arabia faces today is the high rate of unemployment in an zone that has the highest growing population in the world (Al Nisr Publishing). This paper will discuss the issue of unemployed citizens in Saudi Arabia, the problems it imposes and the appropriate solutions that the government and the private sector can impose to address the situation. Based on views raised by western diplomats, officials and ordinary Saudis, it is evident that they are shocked that such a wealth country is not capable of finding employment for its young women and men. Today, Saudi Arabia is regarded as being wealthier than ever before. The prices of oil have remained high for about three years. Since the prices of oil are set at $60 or every barrel, the country is anticipated to be earning about $480 million in a day. Approximately 40 percent of that amount is spent by the government in areas such as health, education, and man power (Adelman). If money alone was capable of solving the problem, then the issue of unemployment would not exist in the country. In fact, Saudi Arabia is anticipated to be growing at an alarming rate. The unofficial estimates reveal a 20 percent growth rate while the official estimate reveal 9 percent growth rate. It is higher among those people who are aged below 30 years, and who make up to about two thirds of the country’s population. This means that there is something that is entirely wrong in the economy (Adelman). For instance, the talk of â€Å"Saudization† of labor is one of the push factors as to why unemployment is rising in the

Illustration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Illustration - Essay Example It is in this role, that graphic designing has gained importance. What once began as the artist's job with hand painting, went over to screen printing and has today reached the desktops of millions of visualizers. Amongst the various elements of graphic design, the art of illustration is interesting and rather challenging. Thus while words need to be read, illustrations can capture a million words in a single expression. This is because they capture and combine photography and art in an appealing and attractive manner. As we pointed out before, illustrations have been with us since the advent of mankind where they took the shape of cave paintings. Woodcut illustrations became popular in the 15th century, followed by lithography in the 18th century. In the early 19th century, journals became popular for mass circulation and illustration gained new meaning. Soon wood engraving was preferred over steel engraving to incorporate illustrations in the pages. However what was a mere painter's mindscape, evolved to touch more people with the advent of advertising. During the 20th century, many graphic designers were also illustrators of high repute and the art was viewed with great reverence, some considering it greater than graphic design. Many illustrators would even sign their work and many enjoyed great fame. Gustavo Dore was a renowned figure in those times. Today the modern illustrator has with him various new software to assist the design process. Most training institutes also encourage that the ill ustrator uses both traditional and modern techniques to recreate the image in his mind on paper. Today there are many associations that bring together illustrators. These include the Association of Illustrators (AOI), Society of Illustrators and Society of Children's book writers and illustrators. Various awards are also handed out every year to support the efforts of these artists. New media Today illustrations benefit from a range of media. From print media like newspapers, greeting cards, books and magazines where these were commonly used, today the scope is much wider. Technologies allow for these to be used in movies, television shows and video games. With the advent of computers and the Internet, illustrations are also highly popular on web sites. Finally advertising has allowed for illustrations to be used on all its media spanning billboards, print advertising, television advertising and the Internet. Great works of great minds Illustration has been a popular form of art and communication with many great works being produced by great names like Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein, Santiago Martinez Delgado etc. However in the current day scenario, works of two reputed illustrators are illustrated here. 28 year old Vladimir Dubko is one great name to reckon with in this scenario. At a time when many find the world of illustration distressing in the least, he created a niche for himself in fashion illustration, doing what every illustrator could only dream of in Italy. He experimented with diverse disciplines, obtained a grant at Fabrica (Benetton research center for communication) and worked with various young artists from across the world. While most of his work is