Alzheimer’s Disease Essay -- Alzheimers Disease Essays

Alzheimer’s Association (2010) explains that Alzheimer’s disease is a brain’s disease which affects the way people think, remember and behave. Finally, people living with Alzheimer’s do not know themselves; do not able to perform everyday activities, which means that they always have to be under control. All of these are caused by improper function of the brain. This disease leads to the death. Nowadays, the 7th cause of death in United States of America is Alzheimer’s disease. There is no method of curing yet, but it was proved that life of people living with the disease and caregivers can become better if good care and aid are provided during the whole period of the illness (Alzheimer’s Association, 2010). It is obvious that Alzheimer’s disease has financial and psychological impact on individuals, caregivers and society. Nowadays 35.6 million people are sentenced that they have this disease. It is predicted that this number will increase to 65.7 million by 2030 and to 115.4 million by 2050 (Anders Wimo and Martin Prince, 2010, 4). There are direct and indirect costs which are spent on people with such kind of disease. The first one includes expenditures in social services such as treating at hospital. In other words, it requires a lot of money. According to Alzheimer’s Association (2008) the Medicare such as hospital services and the care of medical man to person with dementia is three times more than the money which is spent on someone without it. Indirect cost involves unpaid service of caregivers; many active days that the sufferer has lost, physical and psychological challenges with which a person living with Alzheimer’s disease and his family have to struggle (Fox and Max 2009,... ...rtant point to consider is providing support for caregivers. More attention must be paid in order to assist them in coping with problems which occur over time. Overall, it is obvious that Alzheimer’s disease is a problem that requires much attention from government and investors. One of the problems is supporting caregivers. In my opinion, in order to find solutions more researches have to be undertaken, also it is important to keep in mind that each of them is unique; their challenges are not the same and problems vary during the illness. Another major problem is increasing amount of money which is spent on dementia. It is mostly caused by increasing number of people with Alzheimer’s. Solutions for this problem are complicated. However, I think more research in pharmacology will obviously assists to find them, so huge amount of money can be saved.

Ethics During Change Essay

As society has seen over the last few decades, ethics had not been at the forefront of organizational decision-making and change processes as it should have been. Unfortunately because of the actions or lack of actions by the few, many lives have been devastated and society’s view of corporate organizations has been severely damaged. Between government interventions, and organizational realizations, ethics seem to have become a focal point during the decision making and change processes. Most organizations realize that changes must occur to maintain, sustain, and grow, and the inclusion of ethical considerations is imperative to sound decisions and implementation. Organizations must make a commitment to themselves and society, to uphold a high level of ethical standards and behaviors, to ensure the view of the organization remains positive. Simply stated, ethics are beliefs individuals and organizations have that determine what standards or behaviors are deemed to be appropria te or inappropriate. According to Sonenshein (2009), there is a theory about the emergence of ethical issues during the change process (Sonenshein, 2009, p. 230). Sonenshein (2009) explains that the starting issues found in change are, â€Å"trigger points, ambiguity, and employee welfare frame† (Sonenshein, 2009, p. 230). Sonenshein (2009) further explains that the starting issues found during the implementation of change, refer to an individual’s sense-making about the organizational change (Sonenshein, 2009). Sense-making, according to Palmer, Dunford, and Akin (2006) â€Å"is a significant part of importance to understanding the change† (Palmer, Dunford & Akin, 2006, p. 190). When one does not have a clear understanding of the changes occurring, and the effect or consequences the change will have on him or her and the position held within the organization, emotions tend to become involved. One emotion described by Sonenshein (2009) is that an individual may perceive during the ch ange process, is â€Å"loss,† which he explains may also lead to an individual believing that he or she has been treated unfairly (Sonenshein, 2009, p.  231). To further add to ethical change issues, if the directives created for the change are not clear and concise, the interpretation of what is to occur can have multiple meanings and cause confusion. Ambiguity occurs when, â€Å"an organization has a vision but is not prescriptively clear on how to achieve it† (Palmer, Dunford, & Akin, 2006, p. 268). Palmer, Dunford, and Akin (2006) explain the importance of communication during change implementation as well as factors that help to create a sense of confusion. The three factors mentioned are, â€Å"message overload, message distortion, and message ambiguity† (Palmer, Dunford, & Akin, 2006, p. 268). The purpose of communication is to ensure each individual understands the changes to occur, the reasons for the change, and the effects expected from the change. The individual must have the ability to make sense of the change, understand the social impacts of the change, to ensure he or she is willing to â€Å"buy-in† to the change. The â€Å"employee welfare frame† is explained as a thought process some employees choose to use to determine the impact the organization’s change will have on him or her, and any inherent rights that may be infringed upon because of the change (Sonenshein, 2009). As explained by Sonenshein (2009), â€Å"poorly managed change efforts erode organizations relational health† (Sonenshein, 2009, p. 233). For an organization to achieve a successful change, the stakeholders must see the benefits associated with the change. The stakeholders must also have a clear view of the organizations vision and mission to accept and commit. Some organizations may take short-cuts in efforts to speed-up the change process; others may conceal information from employees and external entities that may be vital to gaining acceptance and commitment, thus damaging how the organization is viewed by stakeholders. Ethics in business must remain at the forefront of any decisions or changes during discussions or implementations. As seen, ethics in business is not confined to simply financial reporting; ethics encompasses every facet of organizational health and growth. References Palmer, I., Dunford, R., & Akin, G. (2006). Managing Organizational Change: A Multiple Perspectives Approach, 1e. Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database. Sonenshein, S. (2009, Jan/Feb). Emergence of Ethical Issues during Strategic Change Implementation. Organization Science, 20(1), 223-239. Retrieved August 23, 2013 from http://sonenshein.rice.edu/uploadedFiles/Publications/Sonenshein_emergence%20of%20ethical%20issues%20during %20strategic%20change%20Org%20Science.pdf

Free Essays on Corporate Culture

Corporate Culture Edgar H. Schein:The Corporate Culture Survival Guide In â€Å"The Corporate Culture Survival Guide, â€Å" Edgar Echein presents a concise analysis of the concept of corporate culture; what it is; how it operates; why it matters; and how to improve it. The book is organized around the questions that mangers ask – What is corporate culture? How can I assess it? How can I change it? The book then provides clear guidance for evaluating an organization’s current culture and determining if it supports or undermines the organization’s goals. Chapter One answers the question, â€Å"Why Does Corporate Culture Matter?†. â€Å"Culture matters because decisions made without awareness of the operative cultural forces may have unanticipated and undesirable consequences.† The author provides examples of situations where a company has an engineering culture and then brings in a CEO from sales and marketing background. This mismatch of cultures created a situation where the new CEO was unable to be effective because he was unable to understand the culture’s impact on the organization. A successful mid-life organization might not continue to prosper if they do not evolve and adapt elements of their culture. The organization clings to whatever made it a success. I have a client that was very successful in the eighties and early nineties by being self contained and developing investment products that were unique. They continue to believe that unique products are the way to success even though the market is looking for products that have easily processed and comparable features. This company is reluctant to look outside for expertise in a very competitive market and the firm has seen their market share drop, as their products do not fit easily into today’s trading parameters. The author goes on to define culture and make it clear that culture is a complex concept that is deeply embedded in an organiz... Free Essays on Corporate Culture Free Essays on Corporate Culture Corporate Culture Edgar H. Schein:The Corporate Culture Survival Guide In â€Å"The Corporate Culture Survival Guide, â€Å" Edgar Echein presents a concise analysis of the concept of corporate culture; what it is; how it operates; why it matters; and how to improve it. The book is organized around the questions that mangers ask – What is corporate culture? How can I assess it? How can I change it? The book then provides clear guidance for evaluating an organization’s current culture and determining if it supports or undermines the organization’s goals. Chapter One answers the question, â€Å"Why Does Corporate Culture Matter?†. â€Å"Culture matters because decisions made without awareness of the operative cultural forces may have unanticipated and undesirable consequences.† The author provides examples of situations where a company has an engineering culture and then brings in a CEO from sales and marketing background. This mismatch of cultures created a situation where the new CEO was unable to be effective because he was unable to understand the culture’s impact on the organization. A successful mid-life organization might not continue to prosper if they do not evolve and adapt elements of their culture. The organization clings to whatever made it a success. I have a client that was very successful in the eighties and early nineties by being self contained and developing investment products that were unique. They continue to believe that unique products are the way to success even though the market is looking for products that have easily processed and comparable features. This company is reluctant to look outside for expertise in a very competitive market and the firm has seen their market share drop, as their products do not fit easily into today’s trading parameters. The author goes on to define culture and make it clear that culture is a complex concept that is deeply embedded in an organiz... Free Essays on Corporate Culture Article ~ New York Times ~ â€Å"Speaking the Language of Success† In 1999, the Nissan Motor Company, controlled by French automaker Renault, hired Carlos Ghosn as President and Chief Operating Officer. Ghosen is â€Å"Brazilian-born, French-educated and American-experienced†. This article chronicles Ghosn’s efforts to save Nissan from bankruptcy, and the response of Nissan’s Board of Directors, Workers, and the Japanese public to a foreign manager with a different management style. Carlos Ghosn joined Nissan when the company was at the brink of bankruptcy and was able to, â€Å"boost profits, and decrease debt in a very quick fashion†. The methods and approach used to accomplish this financial revival have included:  § Changing Japanese attitudes about foreign managers and corporate culture  § Cutting Costs and Jobs by closing plants, making it necessary for employees to accept transfers to stay with the company  § Changing supplier relationships, eliminating â€Å"unwinding the traditional keiretsu system of interdependency with suppliers† who could not meet quality and cost cutting demands  § Management overhauling, replacing senior managers with younger types  § Linking pay to performance – â€Å"replacing seniority with a merit based system of cash bonuses and stock options† Hofstede’s value dimensions say, â€Å"the core of the Japanese enterprise is the permanent worker group†, they show a small power distance, a high acceptance to strong uncertainty avoidance, an acceptance of collectivism, and high goal orientation. The article confirms Hofstede value dimensions by identifying Japan as a, â€Å"land of lifetime employment and resistance to foreign control†. The results of Ghosn’s tenure at Nissan seem to contradict Hofstede. Ghosn is a foreigner, has top level meetings in English, has rewarded success through a merit system, reduced the number of parts and service suppliers based on quality, cut the workfo...

Comparative Analysis, Haroun and the sea of stories and Inanna Essays

Comparative Analysis, Haroun and the sea of stories and Inanna Essays Comparative Analysis, Haroun and the sea of stories and Inanna Paper Comparative Analysis, Haroun and the sea of stories and Inanna Paper Essay Topic: Back in the World Stories Literature I will be comparing and contrasting The decent of Inanna which is part of the cycle of many other stories in this book which date back to around 5000 years. Wolkstein and Kramer take us back to these years when humans found different ways to communicate before language was introduced; through sound, like the repetition in Inanna which brings a musical beat into mind, body gestures, like the shadow warrior Mudra, and pictures, like the cuneiforms shown in Inanna. This book was interpreted by a folklorist who collected and recorded the tales, legends and songs of modern contemporary societies and a cuneiformist who has restored and translated the written tales, legends and songs from the Sumerians times. On the surface, Haroun and the Sea of Stories appears to be a simplistic, light-hearted novel that reads almost like a childrens tale. Beneath the surface, however, something much more profound is stirring, which brings us on an adventure where stories have been passed on and interpreted to create a mythical allusion of a sea of stories as Salman Rashdie wrote. This allusion is shown on page 72. He looked into the water and saw that it was made up of a thousand thousand thousand and one different currents, each one a different colour, weaving in and out of one another like liquid tapestry of breath taking complexity; and Iff explained that these were the streams of story, that each colored strand represented and contained a single tale. Different parts of the Ocean contained different sorts of stories, and as all the stories that had ever been told and many that were still in the process of being invented could be found here, the Ocean of the Streams of Story was in fact the biggest library in the universe. And because the stories were held here in fluid form, they retained the ability to change, to become a new version of themselves, to join up with the other stories and so become yet other stories. Both passages, the decent of Inanna and the dark ship play an important part in Inannas and Harouns character development. Inanna wants to open her wisdom to the great below, since this is the place where Inanna can obtain the knowledge of death and rebirth, life and status that will make her honorable and a guide to the land. From the great above she opened her ear to the great below. Her ear refers to wisdom since it is coiled like a labyrinth which takes in sound and begins to transform the imperceptible into meaning shown on page 52. Haroun also has to descend to the South Pole to fight the antagonist Khattan-Shud (who personifies censorship) to save his father and everyone else from having story droughts. This can be compared to Inannas decent since they have the same environment on their journeys both having dry, dark and cold atmospheres. The waters of the ocean were growing thicker by the mile, thicker and colder; many of the streams of story were full of a dark slow moving substance that looked like molasses. In both stories there is a motif of light and dark which are always being brought into perspective, usually through the characters or places. They often complement each other to form a whole, like the ying-yang symbol. For example, Inanna who is Queen of Heaven and earth does not have knowledge about the underworld; she therefore descends to come in contact with the unconscious, rejected dark side of herself who can be considered a witch since she has been unloved, abandoned, forced to rule the underworld which causes her to be very lonely, angry and greedy. Ereshkigal then takes all of Inannas accomplishments to show her what it is like to have nothing. When she entered the seventh gate, from her body the royal robe was removed. Inanna asked: what is this? She was told: quiet, Inanna, the ways of the underworld are perfect. They may not be questioned. Naked and bowed low, Inanna entered the throne room. (60) Ereshkigal, the darker side of Inanna can be compared to Harouns shadow, which can represent the loss of his mother. Once Haroun makes the connection that Mr. Sengupta has taken the form of the antagonist Khattan-Shud it creates a foreshadowing of a realisation that implies not merely that stories mirror reality but expose truth and shape of opinion. This gives Haroun the strength to fight the Cultmaster due to the fact that Mr. Sengupta was the reason his mother left. I know you, Haroun shouted. Youre him. Youre Mr. Sengupta and you stole my mother and you left the fat lady behind and youre a sniveling, driveling, mangy, stingy, measly, weaselly clerk. Where are you hiding her? Maybe shes a prisoner on this ship! Come on hand her over. ( 155) The Cultmaster personifies censorship and evil and it is inherited in his characters tone (monotone) which is ironic since his name, Khattan-Shud means end giving an impression that stories are ending and starting all the time during this book. He has good reason to try and put an end to stories which is thats stories have too much power, they can create many disasters and cause disruption due to the fact that one person could have mingled with a story instead of sticking to the facts. The Cultmaster came over and peered into Harouns face. What brought you up here eh? He asked in his dull dull voice. Stories I suppose. He said the word stories as if it were the rudest, most contemptible word in the language. What starts with stories ends with spying, and thats a serious charge, boy, no charge more serious. Youd have done better to keep your feet on the ground but you had your head in the air. Youd have done better to stick to facts, but you were stuffed with stories. Youd have done better to have stayed home, but up you came. Stories make trouble. An Ocean of stories is and Ocean of trouble. (155) Time is important in both stories, half of the year Inanna and Dumuzi will be united, trees will blossom but as the seasons change, Dumuzi will enter a period of inactivity, quietude and meditation due to the times of harvest. You will go to the underworld half the year, your sister, since she has asked will go the other half. On the day you are called, that day you will be taken. On that day Geshtianna is called, that day you will be set free. (87) In Haroun and the sea of stories, seasons differentiate between the guppies which symbolize spring since it is always dry, hot and sunny in their land and the chupwalas symbolize winter due to the rain and darkness. Also the cycle of life is shown since the story starts and ends almost the same way as if none of it had ever happened as if it were a dream. In the north of the sad city stood mighty factories in which (so Im told) sadness was actually manufactured, packaged and sent all over the world, which never seemed to get enough of it. Black smoke poured out of the chimneys of sadness factories and hung over the city like bad news. (15) At the end of the novel, as the citizens of the city Kahani rejoice over their newfound name, water pours from the sky, suggesting the lasting happiness that language can bring. Showing the memory of the name Kahani, which happens to mean story, as the one thing that can make a sad city happy, Rushdie implies the vast importance of freedom of speech and words. Looks like the old city finally learnt how to have fun, Rashid grinned. But why? Haroun asked. Nothings really changed, has it? Look, the sadness factories are still in production, you can see the smoke; and almost everybody is still poor has something happened while weve been away? A miracle for example? Its just the rain, replied the old bird. Its making everybody happy. (208) Marginalization is seen in both books, the norm in Inanna is the male, for example Enki and Ereshkigal compliment each other. Enki is conscious, has the power of life and light whereas Ereshkigal is unconscious, has the power of death and darkness. The human race obviously is more comfortable in the daytime then at night due to the fact that we are not nocturnal, we cannot see very well in the dark which brings a sense of insecurity. The male has been the norm in our society since the beginning of human life. The man is seen as the one with reason, authority and strength whereas the woman is seen as the one with emotion, mercy and weakness which makes her inferior. In Haroun and the sea of stories, story tellers and speech are the norm and silence, shadows and repression are the other. Once Rashid has his story telling drought, there is a power shift and silence, shadows and repression become the norm. The shadows still have a life of their own; however it is no longer regarded as the bad side of a person. This transition can even be seen in Harouns thoughts in which gruesome combat turns into something as beautiful as a dance. And as they fought each other, standing toe to toe, Haroun began to think of their combat as a dance of great beauty and grace, a dance danced in perfect silence because the music was playing inside the dancers heads (124). Haroun explains this a little further, he dance of the Shadow Warrior showed him that silence had its own grace and beauty (just as speech could be graceless and ugly); and that Action could be as noble as Words; and that creatures of darkness could be as lovely as the children of the light (125). Haroun connects two opposite things, such as Action and Words and connect them with could be, indicating that he generally does not associate these actions with being noble. Haroun is only able to make these connections due to the shadow warrior, just a couple of pages before, shadows were seen as doom, however this idea subverts itself and turns the idea into grace and beauty. In conclusion, both stories have many similarities however they are portrayed in different ways to express different meanings. Inannas stories were some of the first stories ever told over 5 000 years ago, however since then many stories have been introduced and mixed together. Representing stories by an ocean is no mistake on Rushdies part, since water is essential for life, and oceans flow and mix together in much the same way that stories do.

Saudi Arabia unemployment citizens Research Paper

Saudi Arabia unemployment citizens - Research Paper Example The financial sector in the country is highly developed because the banks in the region do not pay taxes. The region is infertile and water resources are scarce. Thus, agronomy accounts for a small fraction of the economy, and the country is forced to import about half of its agricultural products. However, the major challenge that Saudi Arabia faces today is the high rate of unemployment in an zone that has the highest growing population in the world (Al Nisr Publishing). This paper will discuss the issue of unemployed citizens in Saudi Arabia, the problems it imposes and the appropriate solutions that the government and the private sector can impose to address the situation. Based on views raised by western diplomats, officials and ordinary Saudis, it is evident that they are shocked that such a wealth country is not capable of finding employment for its young women and men. Today, Saudi Arabia is regarded as being wealthier than ever before. The prices of oil have remained high for about three years. Since the prices of oil are set at $60 or every barrel, the country is anticipated to be earning about $480 million in a day. Approximately 40 percent of that amount is spent by the government in areas such as health, education, and man power (Adelman). If money alone was capable of solving the problem, then the issue of unemployment would not exist in the country. In fact, Saudi Arabia is anticipated to be growing at an alarming rate. The unofficial estimates reveal a 20 percent growth rate while the official estimate reveal 9 percent growth rate. It is higher among those people who are aged below 30 years, and who make up to about two thirds of the country’s population. This means that there is something that is entirely wrong in the economy (Adelman). For instance, the talk of â€Å"Saudization† of labor is one of the push factors as to why unemployment is rising in the

Illustration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Illustration - Essay Example It is in this role, that graphic designing has gained importance. What once began as the artist's job with hand painting, went over to screen printing and has today reached the desktops of millions of visualizers. Amongst the various elements of graphic design, the art of illustration is interesting and rather challenging. Thus while words need to be read, illustrations can capture a million words in a single expression. This is because they capture and combine photography and art in an appealing and attractive manner. As we pointed out before, illustrations have been with us since the advent of mankind where they took the shape of cave paintings. Woodcut illustrations became popular in the 15th century, followed by lithography in the 18th century. In the early 19th century, journals became popular for mass circulation and illustration gained new meaning. Soon wood engraving was preferred over steel engraving to incorporate illustrations in the pages. However what was a mere painter's mindscape, evolved to touch more people with the advent of advertising. During the 20th century, many graphic designers were also illustrators of high repute and the art was viewed with great reverence, some considering it greater than graphic design. Many illustrators would even sign their work and many enjoyed great fame. Gustavo Dore was a renowned figure in those times. Today the modern illustrator has with him various new software to assist the design process. Most training institutes also encourage that the ill ustrator uses both traditional and modern techniques to recreate the image in his mind on paper. Today there are many associations that bring together illustrators. These include the Association of Illustrators (AOI), Society of Illustrators and Society of Children's book writers and illustrators. Various awards are also handed out every year to support the efforts of these artists. New media Today illustrations benefit from a range of media. From print media like newspapers, greeting cards, books and magazines where these were commonly used, today the scope is much wider. Technologies allow for these to be used in movies, television shows and video games. With the advent of computers and the Internet, illustrations are also highly popular on web sites. Finally advertising has allowed for illustrations to be used on all its media spanning billboards, print advertising, television advertising and the Internet. Great works of great minds Illustration has been a popular form of art and communication with many great works being produced by great names like Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein, Santiago Martinez Delgado etc. However in the current day scenario, works of two reputed illustrators are illustrated here. 28 year old Vladimir Dubko is one great name to reckon with in this scenario. At a time when many find the world of illustration distressing in the least, he created a niche for himself in fashion illustration, doing what every illustrator could only dream of in Italy. He experimented with diverse disciplines, obtained a grant at Fabrica (Benetton research center for communication) and worked with various young artists from across the world. While most of his work is

CASE STUDY Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

CASE STUDY - Research Paper Example Each dimension separately assesses and evaluates the financial performance and financial position of the company. And the purpose of this assessment is to decide whether the shares of this company should be purchased based on its current performance which is reflected by these ratios provided below. The company profitability is constantly deteriorating. The graph 01, which highlights the return on equity, demonstrates that the company has experienced a decrease of more than 1 per cent since 2012, highlighting that the financial and operational performance are not generating results for the company and it is becoming very challenging for the current management to increase return on equity. Similarly, return on assets has also fallen from 8.11 to 7.83 in 2014. In other words, the company management is not utilizing their assets in way to increase their productivity and their performance as well. At the same time, the figure 03, which displays return on sales, also highlights decreasing trend for sales over the mentioned period. This also validates that the company is not using its current and fixed assets in a way to increase their sales over these years instead the profitability ratios highlight that the company management is struggling to retain its financial position and perfo rmance instead of focusing on those strategies which increase the potential of the company to experience rise in the sales. Leverage ratios highlight that the company uses more debt for financing its business requirements. For example, debt to equity ratio demonstrates that the company has been substantially leveraged over these years. In the year of 2012, 2013, 2014, 1.55, 1.48, 1.51 debt to equity ratio has been respectively recorded by the company. As a result, it can be deduced that the real owners of Wal-Mart, who are shareholders, will not be given enough and attractive returns and